![]() A receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was generated for prediction of prolonged mechanical ventilation. The scatterplot was also used to establish negative predictive values for prolonged mechanical ventilation. ![]() A scatterplot of VD/VT and duration of mechanical ventilation was created to identify whether any clinically significant predictors could be identified based on the degree of VD/VT. We also performed subgroup analysis to separately study patients who underwent unifocalization of collateral vessels with placement of an aortopulmonary shunt and those who underwent complete intracardiac repair intracardiac repair with closure of the VSD and RV–to–pulmonary artery conduit placement. Variables were selected for entry into the multivariable model based on Pearson correlation ( P < .10). Natural logarithmic transformation was used when the outcome was nonlinear. Univariable and multivariable regression analysis was performed with VD/VT as a discreet and continuous variable to test for association with outcome. ![]() This study was approved by Stanford University's Institutional Review Board. Patients were excluded if they underwent only an aortopulmonary window (without dissection of collateral arteries), never underwent unifocalization at Stanford, had preoperative pulmonary hypertension, had undergone tracheostomy preoperatively, were placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the first 24 postoperative hours, remained intubated for an additional procedure, or had fewer than 3 recorded paired end-tidal CO 2 and arterial partial pressure of CO 2 (PaCO 2) measurements after returning to the cardiovascular ICU after unifocalization. ![]() The cohort was established by interrogating a PA/MAPCA REDCap database that is maintained by the Clinical and Translational Research Program of the Heart Center at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford. ![]() All patients age <18 years with TOF/PA/MAPCA old undergoing unifocalization surgery between January 2003 and December 2015 at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford were included in the inception cohort for this retrospective cohort study. ![]()
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